Dosen: Yth
Bapak Agus Supriyadi Spd,M.Si
Materi Kuliah:
Bahasa Inggris BEM 105.2
Banyak latihan mengartikan bahasa inggris ke bahasa
indonesia,dan harus tau dari: verb.noun,adjective.
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT ?!
Managers are those
individuals who bring together the money, man power, materials , and machinery
necessary to operate a business. They must plant for the future, organize the
enterprise, direct the activities of employees and control the entire business.
In common usage,
managers are people who make decisions. When several persons get together in an
organization, one them must fill the role of leader to supply onderly and
efficient handling of business affairs.
Managemet is the
process of getting work done throughtother personals. Managers do not produce
finished product, nor do they directly sell a product to a customer. Instead
they direct others to do these things.
The process of
management includes planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the activitiesof
an enterprise to archive specific objectives. Managers performs these function
in varying degrees at different organizational levels. They are the basic
managerial task.
Management has also
been called the art of decision making , sincemanagers spend so much time
choosing among alternative solutions to business problems.
In the organizational
hierarchy large businesses ordinarily have at least three levels of management.
These three levels are:
1.
Top or institutional management,
2.
Middle or admin idministrative,
3.
Operating or supervisory management.
Each level contributes
a different amount of major decisions.
The highest level is
top management, often referred to as senior manager or key executives, who have
usually had many years of varied experience. This level is composed of the board
of directors, the president or chief executive officer (CEO), and other
corporate officers. Top management develops broad plans for the company and
makes important decisions are’s many thing as mergers new product and stock
issues.
The next of management,
kown as middle or administrative management, is composed of plan
superintendents and or devisionmanagers. These managers have the responsibility
for developing the operating plans that implement the broader plans made by top managers.
Operating management is
the lowest level of management his primary concerned with putting into action
plans devised by middle mangers. Operating managers are often referred to ask
firt-line supervisors because they are responsible for supervising the workers
who perform the day to day operations.
Vernon A. Musselman,
Eugene H. Hughes
Introductions to Modern
Business
